1 Fully coherent powder coating films as thin as 20-30 ?m have been achieved on commercial application lines using Akzo Nobel's patented particle management technology. In theory, films as thin as a few microns can be achieved with powders, however, a wide range of factors affect whether these films are commercially feasible. Particle size must be of a similar order to the film thickness required because it is necessary to stack particles on top of each other in order to flow out to a coherent film. This raises the question of robustness of application. Typically, the particles must ...